Cats kneading, often called “making biscuits,” is a behavior that is both endearing and mystifying to many pet owners. This action, which involves the cat pushing their paws in and out against a soft object, such as a blanket or human lap, dates back to kittenhood. Understanding why cats knead, how to bond with them through this behavior, and the benefits of kneading can enhance the relationship between cats and their owners.
Kneading is a behavior that starts early in a cat’s life. Kittens knead their mother’s belly to stimulate the flow of milk while nursing. This instinctive behavior is associated with the comfort and satisfaction of nursing, and it’s thought that as adult cats, they replicate this behavior when they feel most relaxed, content, and safe. The action is often accompanied by purring, another sign of a cat’s contentment and happiness. Kneading is generally a compliment to the owner, indicating that the cat feels safe and loved. It’s also speculated that kneading is a way for cats to mark their territory since the pads of their feet contain scent glands that can leave their unique smell on the object of their kneading.
The reasons why adult cats knead can vary. Aside from being a leftover behavior from kittenhood and marking territory, kneading may also be a preparatory action in which a cat treads down grass or foliage to create a soft resting place, mirroring what their wild ancestors might have done. Some behaviorists also suggest that kneading is a way for cats to stretch their muscles and keep their paws in good condition. Additionally, kneading can be a precursor to sleeping or resting, helping them to build a cozy and warm nest for themselves.
Bonding with a cat through kneading is an excellent way to strengthen your relationship. When a cat chooses to knead on you, it often means they are expressing their love and trust. Pet owners can foster this bond by providing gentle responses to kneading. One way to do this is by petting or softly speaking to your cat while it kneads, which can help reinforce feelings of safety and security. It is important, however, to respect your cat’s space and not overstimulate them during these moments, as they are in a particularly vulnerable state of relaxation and pleasure.
Another way to bond over kneading is by creating a comfortable environment that encourages your cat to express this behavior. Providing soft blankets or a dedicated cat bed in a quiet, accessible place can encourage your cat to knead and relax. If your cat tends to knead on your lap, wearing a thick, soft layer of clothing can protect you from their claws and make the experience more comfortable for both of you. Regularly trimming your cat’s claws can also reduce any discomfort caused by kneading while keeping the behavior enjoyable for both pet and owner.
The benefits of kneading are numerous for both cats and their owners. For cats, kneading is a self-soothing behavior that reduces stress and helps them adjust to their environment, creating a sense of security. This can be particularly beneficial in multi-pet households or in homes where the environment changes frequently. Additionally, kneading can stimulate the muscles and keep the paws healthy, which is especially beneficial for indoor cats who may not engage in as much physical activity as outdoor cats.
For owners, observing and participating in kneading behavior can be a deeply satisfying and bonding experience. It provides insight into your cat’s emotional state and can be an indicator of their well-being. Engaging with your cat during kneading sessions also presents opportunities for petting and verbal interaction, which can increase the oxytocin levels in both the cat and the human, enhancing the mutual feelings of love and trust.
Furthermore, the act of kneading can be therapeutic for owners. The rhythmic motion of a cat kneading can be soothing and help reduce stress and anxiety in humans. The presence of a purring cat has been shown to lower blood pressure and reduce symptoms of PSTD in some people, making it not only a delightful bonding moment but also a beneficial one for mental health.
Cat kneading is a multifaceted behavior rooted in kittenhood but carried into adulthood where it serves multiple functions, from emotional expression and territory marking to physical comfort and readiness for rest. By understanding why cats knead and how to appropriately respond to and encourage this behavior, owners can enhance their bond with their feline friends. The benefits of kneading extend beyond simple pleasure, providing both emotional and physical advantages for cats and humans alike. Embracing and supporting your cat’s instinct to knead can contribute to a deeper, more affectionate relationship, making the act of kneading a cherished part of your interactions.
